In the early 14th Century an early Gothic basilica was built in the middle of the village. The aisles were removed and the arcades were bricked up in 1500, when the church was fortified. Above the chancel a defence tower was erected. The chancel’s polygonal closure was heightened with two defence levels and the buttresses were connected by arches, in order to build a machicoulis gallery behind them. The ensemble was strengthened by a surrounding wall in 1502, completed by a gate building and an adjoining bacon Chamber on the north-west side . The tower was heightened in 1827 and received its striking pyramidal roof. At the same time its defence systems together with the defence level of the chancel were removed . The typical western gable of the church was erected in the same time with the renewal of the roof in 1854. Inside the church the mainly 18th-century furniture is still preserved.
Place and surroundings
For centuries, music has added nobility to the wonderful fragrance of the gardens in Agârbiciu. The choristers, the organists, the school teachers, the priests and the pupils used to be responsible for the musical life of the Transylvanian Saxon villages. Beginning with the 16th Century, the brass bands appeared in the Southern and Central regions of Transylvania and their instrumentalists brought their contribution to the social harmony of rural life by the musical harmony they produced. Can there be anything more charming than Christmas carols sounding in perfect unison with the snow-covered landscape and the smell of homemade cakes? The brass band used to play in the tower of Agârbiciu not only on Christmas and New Year’s Eve, but also at weddings, balls and on various other occasions. Historical dissonances, wars and Communism have caused the unfortunate end of this tradition. But even without music, the village and its fortified church and old houses harmoniously vibrate with the lively natural environment that surrounds them like the frame of a pastoral picture.
https://kirchenburgen.org/

Agârbiciu fortified church

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The Evangelic church in Axente Sever is an important witness of the hard times the region had to bare. Therefore not only the ring wall was strengthened for defensive purposes, but the church building itself was also fortified. The massive tower between hall and chancel, dating back to the 14th century has a parapet walk on the highest level and on the first and second floors simple, elongated loopholes that end as a niche towards the interior. Both the chancel and the nave were heightened with defence levels with loopholes. The arches built between the reinforced buttresses on the western facade support the defence level. A portcullis, whose guiding slides are still visible today, protected the western portal. Along the outer wall there are partially preserved and reconstructed storage rooms which are used as guest rooms today.
Place and surroundings
The fortified church of Axente Sever was not only the religious center of the settlement over the centuries, but also a secure place to deposit valuable goods. In the numerous storage buildings in the precincts of the castle wall, rooms were assigned to each family from the village for storing grain, meat and other food. Corn was not stored on farms, but brought directly to the fortification after harvest to protect it from possible attackers. A special procedure was the storage of the bacon in the so-called bacon towers, which were opened to families only on Sundays after church service. To ensure that no one was serving from a different piece of bacon, each family scratched an individual sign on the freshly cut edges. The storage rooms have been transformed into guestrooms in recent years so that today visitors can sleep inside the mighty walls. In addition, a museum was set up to report on the history of the village and the fortified church.
https://kirchenburgen.org/

Axente Sever fortified church

The Gothic Evangelical Church of Șeica Mică was built in 1411. The lodge has three ships, a bell tower and an elongated choir. The ships have a straight ceiling, and the choir is ribbed, and five beautifully decorated windows.
The central ship connects to the lateral corridors by gothic arches resting on four pillars. The church had two altars built in 1552 and 1762 respectively. The old one was stolen in 1999, the current one is marble.
Inside the church there is also the tombstone of the priest Michael Oltard, who served here 23 years and died in 1623. The tower was built in 1463. The fortification of the church was made in the 16th century, the first time it was surrounded by a a defense tower with three towers, after which the transverse walls and the second defense wall were lifted, which was preserved in its entirety. From the inner wall only the arch of the defense gallery on the south-west side of the church were preserved. The beautiful bronze crystals made in 1556 are in the church Sf. Margareta din Medias.
https://www.welcometoromania.eu/

Șeica Mică Evangelical fortified church

Legendara reşedinţă a familiei Bolyai din satul Buia, dar şi castelul de la Boarta, construit în stil baroc în 1770, au rămas acum doar ruine printre care se mai plimbă uneori localnicii bătrâni, copleşiţi de amintiri.
Pe un deal mic, pe care urci dintr-un drum neasfaltat, ruinele reşedinţei falnice de odinioară a familiei Bolyai zac încremenite într-un timp demult apus, plin de poveşti de care acum se interesează, din păcate, din ce în ce mai puţini.    Prima atestare a castelului datează din 1324, iar în perioada de înflorire avea 12 camere, o curte splendidă cu mese din pietre rotunde, cu brazi de jur-împrejur, o alee străjuită de castani şi o pivniţă ”de gheaţă” în care petrecea nobilimea. Peisajul era întregit de o biserică, cu fresce pictate de pereţi.    După bătălia de la Şelimbăr, din 1599, Sigismund Bathory îi donează castelul lui Mihai Viteazul, iar legendele povestesc că, după bătălii, domnitorul ar fi lăsat-o aici, timp de două săptămâni, pe doamna Stanca. Tot legendele spun că, după aceeaşi luptă, voievodul ar fi venit aici cu bijuterii puse într-o piele de bivol, pe care le-ar fi îngropat în jurul castelului.    Turnul cu coase şi teiul de spânzurătoare   De ruinele de acum, pe vremuri splendidă reşedinţă nobiliară, se leagă încă numeroase legende. ”Exista un turn de execuţie dotat cu coase şi o cameră de plângere lângă turn. Iobagii care nu se supuneau moşierului erau executaţi, iar cel care urma să fie executat trebuia să-şi spună păcatele în camera de plângere, apoi era aruncat între coase. La intrare, în partea stângă, era un tei, un copac de spânzurătoare, unde erau spânzuraţi iobagii care nu se supuneau”, povesteşte Karoly Szobo (77 de ani), fost învăţător în sat vreme de 40 de ani.    Tot legenda mai spune că în zidul castelului erau zidite călugăriţe care ieşeau doar noaptea şi cântau, dar şi că edificiul era legat printr-un tunel de satul Mighindoala, aflat în apropiere.    Dispensar şi magazie   În 1920, povesteşte Karoly Szabo, satul a ajuns în proprietatea statului român, iar până în 1978 aici a funcţionat un dispensar, pentru care au fost modificate şi amenajate două dintre camere. ”După ce a dispărut dispensarul nu s-a mai ocupat nimeni şi a fost abandonat, în timpul colectivului îl foloseau ca şi magazie”, povesteşte fostul învăţător.    Astăzi, castelul considerat monument istoric este doar o ruină, cu bucăţi de ziduri printre care calci cu grijă, pentru că pot oricând să se prăbuşească. Din când în când, îi mai trec pragul turişti, iar fostul învăţător povesteşte zâmbind că printre ei mai sunt şi acum persoane care vin şi caută bijuteriile ascunse ale lui Mihai Viteazul.    Castelul Tobias din Boarta, scos la licitaţie   La câţiva kilometri de Buia, în satul Boarta, un alt monument de patrimoniu, castelul Tobias, construit în anul 1770, în stil baroc, a rămas doar o ruină. În ultima şedinţă de Consiliul Judeţean, cea din 28 martie, aleşii au aprobat un proiect de hotărâre prin care se propune concesionarea prin licitaţie publică a castelului, pe o perioadă de 25 de ani.    Preţul de pornire la licitaţie este de 1200 de lei/an, cu o perioadă de graţie de 3 ani, timp în care concesionarul se obligă să restaureze imobilul şi să îl introducă în circuitul civil.    ”În ansamblu castelul se află într-o stare avansată de degradare. Lipsa întreţinerii, a amenajărilor exterioare, a canalizării, a colectării şi evacuării apelor pluviale sunt principalele probleme în conservarea imobilului. Starea avansată dee degradare constituie un real pericol în caz de cutremur sau vânt puternic. Urmare acestui fapt, pentru siguranţa şi prelungirea în timp a duratei de existenţă a imobilului se impune consolidarea pentru punerea în siguranţă a imobilului din punct de vedere seismic, restaurarea şi reabilitarea structurală”, se arată în proiectul de hotărâre.
https://adevarul.ro/

Tobias Boarta Castle

The Valea Viilor fortified church is a Lutheran fortified church in Valea Viilor (Wurmloch), Sibiu County, in the Transylvania region of Romania. It was built by the ethnic German Transylvanian Saxon community at a time when the area belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary. Initially Roman Catholic, it became Lutheran following the Reformation. Together with the surrounding village, the church forms part of the villages with fortified churches in Transylvania UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Background and church
There is evidence to suggest that an earlier Romanesque church existed in the village, as remnants could formerly be seen beneath the floor of the sacristy. This building is believed to have been 10 m long, less than half the length of the present church. The latter, in Gothic style and dedicated to Saint Peter, was begun in the 14th century. The small nave has a vaulted ceiling with a complex network of ribs, which rest on seven pairs of poles attached to the walls. The choir has a ceiling of the same type. Built in 1528, the pulpit was produced in a period of transition from Gothic to Renaissance.
The church underwent modifications at the beginning of the 16th century: a defensive level featuring parapets was added atop the nave, while towers were built next to the north and south entrances. Next to each of these was a small round tower with a spiral staircase that reached the fortified level. A third tower, near the buttress at the southwest end of the nave, provided access to the belfry, itself fitted with numerous and varied defense mechanisms. The choir was rebuilt as a three-story brick defensive tower with walls 1.5 m thick. A fourth level, which juts out slightly atop a row of corbels and is supported by arches built between the buttresses, has a timber frame parapet. The altar painting was executed in 1779 by an artist from Sighișoara.
Fortifications and recognition
A single oval fortification, constructed around 1500 and equipped with a battlement resting on brick arches, surrounds the church. Access is through an arched passage beneath the gate tower on the western side. This could be closed with a portcullis that had a grille of wood strengthened by iron. Three bastions survive, each facing one of the cardinal points. The walls reach 6–7 m in height; they have both parapets and embrasures supported by corbels.
In 1999, Valea Viilor, together with five other places, was added to the already-listed Biertan to form the villages with fortified churches in Transylvania UNESCO World Heritage Site. Additionally, the church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs, with the wall and bastions being listed as a separate entry.

Valea Viilor fortified church

Biserica evanghelică fortificată din Țapu, comuna Micăsasa, județul Sibiu, a fost construită în secolul XV. Ansamblul bisericii evanghelice fortificate este format din biserică, incinta fortificată, cu turn de poartă și acces secundar fortificat și este monument istoric, cod LMI SB-II-a-A-12575 și are următoarele obiective:
cod LMI SB-II-m-A-12575.01 - Biserica evanghelică fortificată, sec. XIV - XV, transf. 1625, 1838;
cod LMI SB-II-m-A-12575.02 - Incintă fortificată, cu turn de poartă și acces secundar fortificat, csec. XIV - XVI.
Localitatea
Așezarea și locuitorii săi au fost supuși unui proces lung de schimbare a unui statut de comună aservită din secolul al XIV-lea, până la cel de comună liberă ca urmare a desfințării iobagiei din secolul al XIX-lea, respectiv anul 1848. Din documentele existente rezultă că localitatea a făcut parte în secolul al XIII-lea din proprietățile abației de Igriș, motiv pentru care i se spunea pe atunci Villa Abbatis sau altfel spus "Satul Abatelui". În a șaptea decadă a secolului al XV-lea, un document menționează că Țapu împreună cu alte trei localități: Șoroștin, Mănărade și Cenade, făceau parte dintr-o uniune religioasă al cărei decanat se situa la Cenade. Ulterior, aceste localități au format și o uniune administrativă. Au existat numeroase încercări din partea nobilimii maghiare de despărțire a acestor uniuni administrativ - religioase, încercări soldate cu eșecuri repetate datorită faptului că acestea se bucurau de protecție regală. Mai târziu, cele patru, au intrat în posesiunea principelui Gheorghe Rákóczi al II-lea, adică la mijlocul secolului al XVII-lea. La sfârșitul secolului al XVIII-lea, Maria Terezia le arondează conților Teleki.
Biserica
Biserica-hală se află pe dealul care domină comuna și este înconjurată de o incintă ovală. Construită din piatră bătută de carieră, biserica datează de la începutul secolului al XV-lea, așa cum reiese din formele stilistice caracteristice goticului târziu. Corul lung și îngust este împărțit de două arce frânte într-un pătrat boltit în cruce și o absidă pentagonală. În mod similar bisericilor din Axente Sever și Agârbiciu, s-a încercat construirea unui turn deasupra corului, dovadă în acest sens stând grosimea pereților existenți astăzi. Lipsurile financiare au împiedicat, însă, realizarea acestui proiect. Pe peretele din nordul corului se poate vedea o nișă de tabernacul cu un frumos baldachin, ferestrele corului păstrând încă mulurile traforate în arc frânt. În anul 1625, ferestrele naveiau fost tranformate în formă rectangulară, au fost ridicate portalurile laterale ce au arhivolte în arc frânt și s-au construit contraforții care sprijină pereții bisericii. Într-o cu totul altă etapă s-a alipit sacristia pe latura nordică a corului, pentru ca în anul 1838 să fie adăugat portalul nordic cu portic.
Fortificația
Fortificația este construită din piatră de râu și de carieră, înaltă de 6 metri și este prevăzută cu două rânduri de metereze. De asemenea se pot vedea urmele unui drum de strajă în consolă. Intrarea se face prin vest, pe sub un turn cu trei niveluri, sprijinit de contraforturi. Turnul este prevăzut cu un drum de strajă construit sub acoperișul în patru ape. O hersă protejează intrarea pietonală.
Alipite pe interiorul incintei se regăseau până în anul 1941 diverse cămări de provizii, unde se păstrau băuturi, cereale, fructele și nelipsita slănină. Similar, în secolul al XIX-lea, au fost construite astfel de cămări și pe peretele nordic al bisericii, ele având un rol suplimetar în protecția contra incendiilor. De asemenea, în incintă a existat până în anul 1852 și o capelă destinată credincioșilor catolici. Capela a fost demolată și cu materialele rezultate s-a construit o școală.

Fortified Evangelical Church

Ighișu New town belonging to Mediaș has a fortified church built between the 14th and 15th centuries. It is a church hall with massive tower, the width of which is identical to that of the hall.
At a closer look we can see the sculptures of stone, present almost everywhere. The stucco ceiling of the ship was made after 1970. The organ was built in 1775 and the bell was poured in 1496. The fortification of the church was begun in the 15th century. On the south-eastern side of the wall there is a round bastion built at the beginning of the 16th-17th centuries. It has ramparts covered by some oblique bricks.
The Evangelical Church C.A. in cooperation with the Fortified Churches Coordination Office, submitted an application for funding from the ERDF (European Regional Development Fund) funds - EU Structural Funds for a number of 18 fortified churches. The Ighișu Nou Church is one of them.
https://www.welcometoromania.eu/

Ighișu Nou Evangelical fortified church

The church in Boian was erected around the year 1400, but it is difficult to determine which parts of the initial construction have been preserved to this day. Nevertheless, it is known that around 1500 the religious edifice was fortified, a defence level being built above the chancel. The fortification wall was designed to include a parapet walk, partly built on two levels and strengthened by a gate tower. The latter also served as a bell tower having its entrance protected by a portcullis (sliding wooden lattice reinforced with iron). Another detail that is worth mentioning is the decoration of the cornice with angled bricks, a method often used for the Orthodox churches in Moldavia and Muntenia regions.
Furthermore, on both gate tower and northern entrance of the church one can find the coat of arms of the Moldavian prince Stephan the Great, to whose fief Boian briefly belonged.
Place and surroundings
It is utterly uncommon to find the symbol of the ureox at the entrance to an Evangelic church. And yet, in Boian, on the Northern portal of the fortified church, one can see the symbol of Moldavia carved in the shape of the relief of two ureox heads. Unlike most of the Saxon villages, this place was not part of the Royal Land (a self-administered Saxon territory), but it was part of The County of Cetatea de Baltă (Moorland Fortress). The colonists on the Royal Land were loyal only to the Hungarian king and used to enjoy a special status and privileges, while the inhabitants of the counties, Hungarian admininistrative areas, were all serfs under the authority of the feudal lord.
In 1498, Matei Corvin, king of Hungary, offered The County of the Moorland Fortress as a gift to the Moldavian prince Stephan the Great. The prince supported the completion of the massive fortification around the sacred church, fact that is suggested by the presence of his coat of arms on the wall – the ureox head.
https://kirchenburgen.org/

Boian fortified church

The Saxon settlement, certified since 1283, builds in 1480-1486 one of the most beautiful evangelical-Lutheran churches in Transylvania. The size of the church mirrors the well-being of Moșna, which until 1533 was in competition with Medias and Biertan to become a seat of residence, a title obtained by Mediaș.
The current Gothic church built under the guidance of the Siberian stonecutter Andreas Lapicida was erected on the structure of the outer walls of a previous church of the 15th century. It's a three-aisle-lined hall. In 1520 it was built on its fortification, consisting of five towers, walls of 9 meters high, doubled on the southern side and with a guard road. The actual tower of the church houses three bells, the oldest of which dates back to 1515. The gate tower is south-east. On the southern side is the Slany Tower, which was used to store the bacon.
The bell tower was built in the 14th century, its height reached 7 levels and a guard road. To the south, there is another shorter tower, with three levels, which protects the pedestrian entrance. In the north-west and south-west corners were built bastions. On the northern side there is a four-level tower that protects pedestrian traffic. The church has three ships separated by four pairs of columns.
To the north and south are two chapels, which can be reached by spiral staircase turret attached to the church. The original altar made by Vincentius in 1521 is in the church of Cincu.The pulpit is the work stonecutter Andreas.
https://www.welcometoromania.eu/

Moșna Evangelical fortified church

St. Margaret's Church (Romanian: Biserica Sfânta Margareta; German: Margarethenkirche) is a Lutheran church, located at 1 Piața Castelului in the historic town center of Mediaș (Mediasch), Sibiu County, in the Transylvania region of Romania.
The present, late Gothic structure was built between 1437 and 1488 by the ethnic German Transylvanian Saxon community at a time when the area belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary. Consecrated as a Roman Catholic church, with St Margaret of Antioch as its patron saint, it became Lutheran following the Reformation.
St. Margaret's church is located at the center of a large church fortress. About 150 of these buildings still exist in Transylvania. Seven of these villages with fortified churches are listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs.
History
Archaeological surveys conducted in 1971–2 have shown that a church building had already existed at the site of the current church by the second half of the 13th century. Human burials were unearthed which were attributed to the German sepulchral culture of this time. Already by the beginning of the 15th century, this building was replaced by a second, which took the form of an aisleless church with an unusually long nave. Parts of this structure survived in the northern nave of the current building.
St. Margaret's church was first documented in 1414. The construction of the present building probably started after a devastating Ottoman raid in 1438. The church registry of 1447 relates that a Father Christian from Mettersdorf (Dumitra) had filed a public protest against the Bishop of Weissenburg (Alba Iulia) "in porta ecclesiae parochialis beatae Margarethae virginis et martyris in oppido Medyes – at the door of the parochial church of the blessed virgin and martyr Margaret". The oldest church bell has an inscribed date of 1449. During the second half of the 15th century, the choir, nave, and south aisle were modified. According to the 18th century historian Georg Soterius, an inscription was found on the walls of one of the towers relating its date of completion as 1484, and that the building was completed in 1488.
Some fortification works were already documented in 1453. The fortress with its triple encircling walls, moat and five defensive towers, was likely completed later.
In 1545, the first Evangelical Synod of Transylvania assembled in St. Margaret's church. In the wake of the reformatory iconoclastic fury, all side altars and religious statues and images were removed, the frescoes on the north wall of the nave and north aisle were painted over in white. Further renovation works are documented for 1584, 1606, 1636 and 1668. In 1732, the organ was restored on the western gallery. In 1832, the pillars on the northern side of the nave were reinforced. Major restorations were also conducted from 1888–1892. In 1927–1930, the foundations of the main tower, the Trumpeter's tower, were stabilized. An archaeological survey of the building and its surroundings was conducted by the Romanian scientists Vasile Crişan and Mariana Beldie-Dumitrache in 1971 and 1972. In 1973–1974, the foundations of the Trumpeter's tower had to be reinforced again. This time, the two lower floors were mantled in prestressed concrete. Further restorations were conducted from 1973–1986.[5] From 1976–1982, the late Gothic winged altarpiece, one of the masterpieces of Transylvanian art, was thoroughly cleaned and restored.
Interior
The main altar, located in the choir of St. Margaret's church, is a late Gothic winged altarpiece, dated between 1480 and 1520. Its work-day (closed) view is adorned with eight painted panels depicting the passion of Christ. On the northern walls of the nave and north aisle, frescoes were discovered under layers of white paint, and partly restored. In the choir, eight grave slates are on display today, one of them commemorating the pastor, poet and humanist Christian Schesaeus (1535–1585). Various wooden and painted epitaphs adorn the interior of the church. St. Margaret's church also harbours one of the largest collections of the so-called "Transylvanian" rugs, 16th–18th century Anatolian rugs in Europe.

St. Margaret's Church (Mediaș)

The church was built in the 15th century by the local Saxon community. A century later, it was fortified by adding a precinct wall and the defence towers.
After the 1300s, Bazna was taken over by the Mediaş Seat as a free village, as certified by the documents from those days. In the choir the church still hosts a 1504 tabernacle with a representation of Jesus. A not so common feature is that the belfry which also operates as a gate tower still hosts three bells from the 14th - 15th century. Many bells of the Saxon fortified churches were melted during the First World War to make warfare equipment. The ones from Bazna are among the very few which “escaped” melting.
http://www.sibiu-turism.ro/