The Ottilienberg is a mountain near Eppingen in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The mountain has been a cult place in ancient times. On top of the mountain are the remains of a late medieval pilgrimage church and remains of a fortification from the 17th century.

The mountain itself is a sandstone oval about 3 km south east of Eppingen. Because of the extraordinary geological formation, the 310 m high mountain is assumed to be a very early refuge and cult place. The pilgrimage church was donated in 1473. South of the chepel was a graveyard. 1697 the mountain top was dismantled to an artillery fortress. While the fortress decayed through the following decades, the church and some surrounding economy buildings did remain, until they were severely damaged during World War II in April 1945. The chapel was reconstructed in simplified shape in 1954/55.



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Steinsberg Castle is a castle in the village of Weiler, a suburb of Sinsheim in the German state of Baden-Württemberg.

The castle was first mentioned in the year 1109. In the thirteenth century the owners of the castle were the Counts of Oettingen. Later the castle became home to the Counts palatine of the Rhein. In 1517 the castle was purchased by the Lords of Venningen. Shortly after this purchase the castle was burnt down during the Peasants' revolt. The rebellious peasants had to pay 5000 Gulden for the rebuilding of the castle. After heavy damage in 1777 by a strike of lightning the castle was left in disrepair. Since 1973 the castle has been owned by the Sinsheim council, who had large parts of the castle restored. The keep, the moat and the towers may still be viewed today.

Steinsberg Castle

Das Schloss Rauenberg in Rauenberg, einer Stadt im Rhein-Neckar-Kreis (Baden-Württemberg), wurde ab 1737 errichtet. Das Gebäude ist ein geschütztes Baudenkmal.

Geschichte und Beschreibung

Das Schloss wurde ab 1737 auf den Gewölben und den Grundmauern einer ehemaligen Wasserburg errichtet. Es diente dem Hochstift Speyer als Amtssitz, über dem Portal ist das Wappen des Fürstbischofs August von Limburg-Stirum (1721–1797) angebracht. Die zweigeschossige hufeisenförmige Anlage ist funktional gestaltet und ohne besonderen baulichen Schmuck.

Heutige Nutzung

1986 öffnete das Winzermuseum Rauenberg im Schloss seine Türen. Es zeigt zahlreiche Exponate zu den Themenschwerpunkten Weinbau und bäuerliches Dorfleben.



Schloss Rauenberg

Guttenberg Castle is considered one of the last undamaged Staufer castles in Germany. It was founded around 1180, is today over 800 years old and has a correspondingly eventful history. It has always been inhabited and has been completely preserved to this day. It has been owned by the Barons of Gemmingen for over 560 years.

The first documentary mention of Guttenberg Castle dates from the late 13th century – the Chapel of St Nicholas below Guttenberg Castle is mentioned in 1296. At that time the Lords of Weinsberg owned the castle. They remained until the middle of the 15th century. Most recently, the royal hereditary treasurer Conrad von Weinsberg was the lord of the castle. Since Conrad von Weinsberg lent considerable sums of money to the king, which he did not get back, however, and thus he himself came into financial distress, he felt compelled to sell the castle.

On St. Andrew’s Day in 1449, Hans “the Rich” of Gemmingen bought Guttenberg Castle from the heirs of Conrad von Weinsberg, who had died almost two years earlier, for 6,000 Rhenish guilders. Hans von Gemmingen was also set by the wedding with the wealthy Katharina Landschädin von Steinach in the position not only to buy the castle, but also to expand it extensively. An important milestone in the history of the castle.

At the end of 1521 the Lords of Gemmingen joined the Reformation. In later Baden the family thus belonged to the first followers of the teachings > Martin Luther. Guttenberg was spared the destruction during the Peasant War and the Thirty Years’ War by fortunate circumstances, for already in 1622 a great battle raged at Wimpfen, which resulted in numerous lootings and destruction. In 1689 Guttenberg also escaped the French troops who cremated Heidelberg and many of the Neckar castles.

With the proclamation of the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1806, the Lords of Gemmingen lost their ruling function. But they remained owners of the castle and its lands. In the early 19th century, the history of the castle was connected above all with the stay of the poet Wilhelm Hauff, who was the tutor of a family member.

Today the castle is the centre of the family estate and one of the most popular excursion destinations in the region, as it has been opened to the interested public.


https://burg-guttenberg.de

Burg Guttenberg

Schloss Bruchsal is a palace complex built in the Baroque style in the town of Bruchsal, Baden-Württemberg. It was built in the first half of the 18th century to serve as the lavishly decorated official residence of the Prince-Bishops of Speyer, though they occupied it for less than a century. Bruchsal was only a hamlet when construction began but grew to be a substantial town that now surrounds the complex. A three-winged palace decorated by some of the leading artists of the 18th century stands at the heart of the complex, alongside over fifty other buildings.

On March 1st, 1945, only two months before the end of the Second World War, much of the palace was destroyed in an American air raid directed against nearby railway installations. It has since been completely rebuilt in a restoration project that lasted until 1996. Its interiors have been partly restored and the palace now houses two museums. It is noted for its fine Roccoco decoration and in particular its grand Baroque entrance staircase, which is regarded as one of the finest examples of its genre.

Schloss Bruchsal is dominated by a large three-winged building standing at the heart of a complex of over fifty buildings. Painted in a yellow, red and white colour scheme reflecting the state colours of the then Margraviate of Baden, the main building or Mittelbau comprises a central corps de logis flanked by residential and church wings. Around it and along the adjoining Schönbornstrasse are a series of administrative quarters for the Prince-Bishop's staff, the Damianstor, a triumphal arch leading to the main courtyard, the Hofkirche and the Kammerflügel, now used as a concert hall. A formal garden, the Hofgarten, is situated to the west and was designed by Johann Scheer in an austere French style.

The corps de logis has been called "the high water mark of the Baroque style" with its "perfect unity of space and decoration". It is entered via a two-storey Baroque staircase which is considered to be one of the most important Baroque architectural features in Europe. Described as "ingenious and ravishing", it gives access to the upper floors and both wings. The architectural historian Nikolaus Pevsner described how the staircase appeared before the Second World War:

(The arms of the staircase) start in the rectangular vestibule. After about ten steps one enters the oval. On the ground floor it is a sombre room, painted with rocks in the rustic manner of Italian grotto imitations. The staircase itself then unfolds between two curved walls, the outside wall solid, that on the inside opened in arcades through which one looks down into the semi-darkness of the oval grotto. The height of the arcade openings of course diminishes as the staircase ascends. And while we walk up, it grows lighter and lighter around us, until we reach the main floor and a platform the size of the oval room beneath. But the vault above covers the larger oval formed by the outer walls of the staircase. Thus the platform with its balustrade separating it from the two staircase arms seems to rise in mid-air, connected only by bridges with the two principal saloons. And the vast vault above is lit by many windows, painted with the gayest of frescoes and decorated with a splendid fireworks of stucco.

The interior of the dome is covered by a trompe l'oeil painting by Johannes and Januarius Zick, renowned as the best German decorative painters of the time. It depicts the history of the diocese of Speyer with a perspective that makes it appear as if the dome extends into heaven. The adjoing Fürstensaal and Marmorsaal rooms were the product of collaborations by Zick and Balthasar Neumann, the main designer of the corp de logis. The first room portrays the bishops of Speyer, while the gilded and marble-inlaid Marmorsaal borrows from classical mythology by portraying the bishopric of Speyer as Mount Olympus, the home of the Greek gods.

St Peter's Church, within the palace complex, was designed by Naumann in 1736 and built between 1740 and 1749 by Johann Georg. Its interior houses the ornate Baroque tombs of the Prince-Bishop of Speyer.

Schloss Bruchsal was commissioned in 1720 by Cardinal Damian Hugo Philipp von Schönborn, Prince-Bishop of Speyer (1719–1743) and of Konstanz (1740). His predecessors' residence in Speyer had been destroyed by fire in 1689 but due to a bitter dispute with the townspeople of Speyer, it was never replaced or rebuilt. The dispute dragged on for thirty years before von Schönborn decided to establish a new residence across the Rhine at Bruchsal, which was a mere hamlet at the time. The newly established palace was one of only two ecclesiastical residences on the Upper Rhine, the other being the Bishop of Strasbourg's residence at Rohan Castle in Saverne.

The central three-winged building was based on the plans of Maximilian von Welsch but went through a number of design changes. He managed the construction for its first decade, erecting the right wing, while Michael Rohrer erected the left wing. The main part of the building was designed by Baron Anselm von Grünstein. Balthasar Neumann took over the role of Chief Engineer from 1731 and constructed the main building's staircase. It was created to resolve an architectural conundrum created by von Schönborn's late decision to add a mezzanine floor to the corp de logis. Originally, the plan had been for a circular staircase, but the addition of the mezzanine left no room for additional steps to link it to the staircase. Neumann resolved this with a novel helical staircase design that fitted into the gap.

Von Schönborn and his successors engaged some of Europe's finest sculptors, painters and stucco workers to decorate the interior. The stuccos were by Johann Michael Feuchtmayer and took until 1755 to be completed, while in addition to Zick, the Lombard painter Giovanni Francesco Marchini painted various interior spaces between 1731 and 1736. Work on the decoration continued until 1760 and in the Kammerflügel until 1776. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, his father Leopold and his sister Maria Anna visited in July 1763 while on a concert tour of Europe. Leopold expressed his admiration of the palace in a letter to his friend Lorenz Hagenauer, saying, "The residence of Bruchsal is worth seeing, its rooms being of the very best taste, not numerous, but so noble, indescribably charming, and precious."

After the Prince-Bishops of Speyer were deposed at the start of the 19th century and their secular powers were ended, the palace became a royal residence between 1806 and 1832 when it served as the residence of the widowed Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt, mother of Charles, Grand Duke of Baden. She shared the residential wing of the palace with the last Prince-Bishop, Wilderich of Walderdorf, who was permitted by the new secular government to live there and draw a pension of 200,000 guilders until his death in 1810. Many items from the palace were dispersed to other locations in the newly established Grand Duchy of Baden. The early 19th century traveller Charles Edward Dodd, who visited the palace around 1818, described its "deserted splendour" wherein "the gay ladies of (Princess Amalie)'s court complain bitterly of its magnificent dreariness.

The palace subsequently fell into disrepair and its artistic importance was not recognised until the end of the 19th century. Restorations were carried out in the 1900s and 1930s, but on 1 March 1945, two months before the end of the Second World War, the Schloss was badly damaged by a United States Army Air Force air raid that had been aimed at Bruchsal's rail facilities, leaving it completely burned out. More than 80 per cent of the palace was destroyed. The famous staircase largely survived, though it was badly damaged, but the dome above it did not. Many of the most valuable items of furniture had already been removed for safekeeping and so survived.

After lengthy discussions about whether and how it should be done, the corps de logis was restored to its original form to serve as a museum, while the church wing was modernised. The restoration work took almost 30 years, lasting into the 1970s. Fortunately for the restorers, the interior had been extensively photographed in colour before the war, enabling the destroyed frescoes to be recreated. The palace was reopened in 1975, while restoration elsewhere in the complex lasted until 1996.

Schloss Bruchsal now houses two museums. The Städtisches Museum displays tapestries, paintings and furniture from the part of the palace's collection that survived the war, and also houses examples of porcelain, faience, hunting weapons and gold objects. The palace also houses the separate Deutsche Musikautomatenmuseum which displays German-made self-playing musical devices, such as musical clocks and instruments which use piano rolls, such as player pianos and organs. The gardens are also open to the public.