Die Burg Lichteneck, auch Liehtenekke genannt, ist die Ruine einer Spornburg auf einem 242 m ü. NHN hohen Felssporn oberhalb von Hecklingen, einem Ortsteil der Stadt Kenzingen im Landkreis Emmendingen in Baden-Württemberg.

Geschichte

Die Burg wurde vermutlich in der Zeit zwischen 1265 und 1272 von den Grafen von Freiburg erbaut und 1290 als „Liehtenekke“ erwähnt. Lichteneck kam später in den Besitz der Pfalzgrafen von Tübingen-Lichteneck. Die Burg wurde 1433 im Geroldsecker Krieg zerstört, im 16. Jahrhundert wieder aufgebaut und am 15. April 1675 im Holländischen Krieg von französischen Truppen unter General Nicolas de Bautru, Marquis de Vaubrun endgültig zerstört.

Burg Lichteneck

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Die Burg Landeck, auch Schadelandeck genannt, ist die Ruine einer Spornburg bei 285 m ü. NN auf einem Kalksteinfelsen im gleichnamigen Dorf Landeck, einem Ortsteil von Teningen, nördlich der Stadt Emmendingen im Landkreis Emmendingen in Baden-Württemberg. Die Ruine gehört zu den wenigen gut erhaltenen Ruinen des Breisgaus.

Geschichte

Die Entstehungszeit von Ober- und Unterburg ist auf um 1269 zu datieren. 1260 wird „Dietrich, der Vogt von Landecke“, ein Gefolgsmann der Herren von Geroldseck, urkundlich erwähnt. Im Jahr 1277 kommt die Burg in den gemeinsamen Besitz der Brüder Heinrich und Walther von Geroldseck. 1298 wird sie von Graf Egino II. von Freiburg und den Freiburger Bürgern belagert, 1300 kommt sie von Heinrich von Geroldseck über den Johanniterorden an den Freiburger Bürger Johann Snewlin. Bei der Burg liegt ein „Städtlein“, das vor 1400 wieder eingeht. 1315 wird erstmals die Burgkapelle St. Katharina durch den Mitinhaber Heinrich von Rappoltstein erwähnt. 1354 nennt sich Konrad Snewlin erstmals „Schnewlin von Landeck“, ab 1394 bewohnt Hanmann Snewlin von Landeck mit seinem Vetter Heinrich von Wiesneck die Burg. Snewelin verpfändet diesem im selben Jahr die halbe Burg, und zwar die „niedern Burg“ einschließlich Ziegenstall, Backhaus und dem Keller unter der Kapelle. 1428 teilen die drei Söhne Hanmanns die Burg. 1490 prozessierten Anthony und Bastian Snewlin von Landeck um die Teilung der Burg, acht Jahre später muss die verschuldete Familie Landeck von Markgraf Christoph von Baden zum Lehen nehmen. 1511 verkauft Bastian Snewlin von Landeck die Hälfte der Burg an seinen Lehensherrn, den Markgrafen von Baden. 1525 wird die Burg von aufständischen Bauern zerstört und nicht wieder aufgebaut, Markgraf Ernst von Baden kauft 1538 den Rest der Burgstelle mit dem Dorf Köndringen.

Beschreibung

Die Burganlage war in eine Ober- und eine Unterburg aufgeteilt. Die Oberburg stellt sich als etwa längsrechteckige Anlage dar, die an allen Seiten von einer Ringmauer umfasst wird. Das Hauptgebäude der Oberburg ist ein hoher, turmartiger Palas, dem repräsentativsten Teil der Burg. Er besaß vier Stockwerke mit drei Kaminen und reicher Befensterung vor allem an der Nordseite, seiner Schauseite (Bild 2 und 7). Drei Seiten des Palas werden von der Ringmauer gebildet, die Südseite zeigt zum ehemaligen Burghof. Zur Unteren Burg wird die Obere durch einen heute nur noch seichten Abschnittsgraben abgetrennt.

Auch die etwa dreiecksförmige Unterburg wird von einem breitgelagerten Palas (20 × 10 Meter) mit spätromanischen und frühgotischen Doppelfenstern dominiert (Bild 13). An seine nordöstliche Schmalseite ist eine leicht aus der Mauerflucht vorspringende Burgkapelle mit gotischem Chorbogen, Fenstern mit einem Kreuzrippengewölbe und Konsolfiguren angebaut (Bild 8).

Unmittelbar westlich der beiden Burgteile weisen Reste von Mauerwerk auf eine vermutliche Vorburg hin.

Burg Landeck (Baden)

The Hochburg ("high castle") is a castle ruin situated between the city of Emmendingen and the village of Sexau in the region of Baden, located in the southwest of Germany. It was presumably built in the 11th century and was originally known as castle Hachberg. The line of nobles known as the Margraves of Baden-Hachberg most likely derive their name from this castle and before it was razed by the French it was the second largest fortification in Baden.

Historians are uncertain about where the name Hachberg comes from. One theory is that an estate in the region was given to a man referred to as Hacho who was a part of Charlemagnes retinue. This hypothesis is also supported by an engraved plaque added to the castle by Karl II and a document dating back to 1161 mentions it as Castro Hahberc. In any case, whoever the true builder of the castle is most likely chose its name for their lineage, resulting in the family sidebranch of the house of Baden known as Baden-Hachberg.

The first mention of a transition from Hachberg to Hochberg can be found in French sources concerned with members of the lineage of Hachberg-Sausenberg, who were the counts of Neuenburg as well.

The name Hochberg sees its German revival as late as 1787, when Margrave Karl Friedrich, as second husband, married Luise Karoline Freiin Geyer von Geyersberg and made her the Imperial Countess of Hochberg.

Dietrich von Emmendingen (who later called himself von Hachberg) most likely founded the castle to harvest the forests surrounding it for lumber. Its first mention dates back to a document from 1127. The further development of later property documents suggests that Erkenbold von Hachberg, the last of his name, gave his holdings to the Zähringer to finance his participation in the crusades (1147–1149).

A document on the talks about the founding of the monastery Tennenbach from 1161 implies that Hermann IV von Baden was the reigning lord of castle Hachberg at the time. When his sons Hermann V and Henrich I divided the margraviate among each other in 1212 the castle became the centre of power for the margraves of Baden-Hachberg.

Margrave Bernhard I of the main family of Baden acquired the castle from the highly indebted Margrave Otto II von Baden-Hachberg.

The castle survived the war of the Oberrheinischer Städtebund versus Bernhard I in 1424 and even withstood siege during the German Peasant's War in 1525.

Karl II greatly enhanced the castle's defences in 1553 and turned it into a more modern, renaissance style fortification.

Margrave Georg Friedrich added 7 bastions around the castle's perimeter and gave some the names of Hachbergs sister castles in Baden all of which laid in the realm of Margraves of Baden-Durlach. (Bastion Rötteln; Bastion Sausenberg; Bastion Badenweiler).

The castle was besieged for two years during the Thirty Years' War in 1634 and was slighted for the first time after surrendering to the attackers. However, in 1660 Margrave Friedrich VI induced the reconstruction of the castle.

In 1681 the defences were destroyed voluntarily by the French after they had taken many of the holdings in Baden through the Treaty of peace of Nijmegen and a manned castle Hachberg could have posed a sizable threat to their new territory. Only three years later peasants caused a fire which destroyed the remaining living quarters. And in 1688 French troops destroyed what little remained of the fortification, turning it into a ruin.

The first steps at preserving the ruin were taken towards the end of the 19th century and still persist to this day. Work was only temporarily halted during the two world wars. The Society for the conservation of the Hochburg has been taking care of the ruin on voluntary work since 1971 and in 2007 they bought the tenancy of the castle.

The Hochburg can be visited by anyone free of charge. It is part of the program for the state preservation of castles and gardens in Baden-Württemberg and in 1991 a small museum was added in the cellar. The castle has been depicted in several paintings and has many mythical tales surrounding it, speaking of hidden treasure and restless knights, waiting to return.

Hochburg

The Kastelburg is a ruined castle above Waldkirch in the district Emmendingen in Baden-Württemberg. It stands on a hill about 100 meters (330 feet) above the center of Waldkirch in Breisgau.

The Kastel castle was built between 1260 and 1270 by the Lords of Schwarzenberg. Like the Schwarzenburg on the opposite side of the valley its purpose was to defend the town Waldkirch and to control the trade route through the Elz valley.

The first inhabitant of the castle was Johann I of Schwarzenberg. The Schwarzenbergs died out already in 1345 and the castle was sold to Martin Malterer from Freiburg who fell in 1386 in the Battle of Sempach. In 1429 the castle was passed on to Berthold of Staufen.

In the Thirty Years' War the castle was destroyed by troops of the Kaiser on 14 March 1634 so that it did not fall into the hands of the advancing Swedish troops.

In recent years attempts have been made to conserve the edificial structure of the ruin that is standing romantically above the historic center of Waldkirch (Action Kastelburg).



Kastelburg

The Schwarzenburg (Black Castle), historically called Schwarzenberg (Black Mountain), is a fortified castle near Waldkirch in the district Emmendingen in the southwest of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

Along with the Kastelburg the less known Schwarzenburg is the second castle ruin owned by the town Waldkirch. The ruins of the former hill castle, 656.2 m (2153 ft) above sea level on the top of the Schwarzenberg (Black Mountain), a spur of the Kandel has already decayed to such an extent that only a few foundation walls are visible.

It was probably created as an escape and protection castle, possibly based on power political considerations of the Schwarzenbergs. Such a castle on a vantage point visible from far away in the Rhine Valley was an obvious proof of their status as free noblemen subordinate in rank only to the Kaiser.

In sharp contrast to Waldkirch and the Kastelburg which was founded later the Schwarzburg was no Further Austrian fief, but the personal property of the Schwarzenberg's until they died out in the mid-15th century.

The Schwarzenburg was built around 1120 by the patrons of the monastery St. Margaret in Waldkirch under Conrad Waldkilcha who after 1120 called himself Conrad of Suarzinberg and thus became the founder of the noble family of Schwarzenberg.

With Konrad the male branch of the Conradiner of Waldkirch died out. In 1213 their possessions were transferred to Konrad's sister Adelheid, wife of Walter I of Eschenbach-Schnabelburg. In 1270 Johann, a descendant of Adelheid who came with his nephew William from Switzerland, took over the rule and called himself Johann I von Schwarzenberg. On 8 August 1300 Johann and Wilhelm von Schwarzenberg granted Waldkirch the town privileges. In 1315 the territory was divided: Johann took over the Kastelburg and Wilhelm remained on the Schwarzenburg.

The Schwarzenberg family line died out in 1347 with landlord Ulrich II of Schwarzenberg. He was succeeded by Johann III. of the Kastelberg line. This led to the reunification of the two lines.

After the death of Hans Werner von Schwarzenberg in 1459 his son-in-law Heinrich von Rechenberg zu Hohenrechberg inherited the estate and the office of bailiff.

1503 Martin von Rechenberg succeeded his late father Henry; in turn he was succeeded in 1540 by his son Hans Ludwig von Rechberg.

After the death of Hans Ludwig in 1542 Sebastian von Ehingen acquired the goods. During the wedding ceremony of his daughter in 1559 he was stabbed by his son.

Thereupon the rule of Schwarzenberg was transferred to Hans Raphael Reischach as a fief in 1560.

1567 Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria took over the debt-ridden territory. He ordered to demolish and remove the dilapidated Schwarzenburg castle in 1578. This order was, however, not complied with.

An inspection in 1583 by the Further Austrian government agency of Ensisheim led to the findings: Strong decay.

In accordance with the report of an annalist of the Margarethenstift Waldkirch of 1590 not much was left of the roof structure and the walls had collapsed. The ruin was eventually used as a quarry.

Beginning in 1975 the castle was consecutively analyzed and restored and since 1980 it is accessible.

In 1995, the town Waldkirch attached a sign with the historical data of the castle next to the ruins.

Schwarzenburg (Breisgau)

Schneeburg is a castle ruin between Ebringen and Freiburg, Germany. The ruins are at an altitude of 516 metres (1693 feet) on the western summit of Schönberg.

The castle was first mentioned in 1312 and was built by the Lords of Hornberg. In 1349, Werner von Hornberg handed ownership of the castle over to the Abbey of Saint Gall and became ruler of Ebringen. Schneeburg was most likely abandoned before 1500. It has been claimed that the castle was destroyed in 1525 during the German Peasants' War, but this can not be confirmed.

All that remains today are part of a tower and living quarters. The Ruin is about 37 metres (121 ft) long and 17 metres (56 ft) wide. On the north side is the rest of the four-storey tower with two windows. The well also remains in good condition in the courtyard.

