The Alcazaba of Antequera is a fortress in Antequera, Spain. It was erected in the 14th century to counter the Christian advance from the north, over Roman ruins.

The fortress is rectangular in shape, with two towers. Its keep (Spanish: Torre del homenaje, 15th century) is considered amongst the largest of Moorish al-Andalus, with the exception of the Calhaorra in Gibraltar. It is surmounted by a Catholic bell tower/chapel (Templete del Papabellotas) added in 1582.

Connected to the former by a line of walls is the Torre Blanca ("white tower").

Alcazaba of Antequera

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Bobastro is the ruins of an old castle in the Province of Málaga, Spain. The castle was of Roman origin, but rebuilt by Umar ibn Hafsun during his rebellion against the Caliphate of Cordoba in the 9th century.
History
There had been a structure at the site since Roman times. In 880 AD, Umar ibn Hafsun settled in the ruins of the old castle of Bobastro near Ardales, in which he incited the muwallads and mozarabs to join his cause against the unfair, heavy taxation and humiliating treatment they were receiving at the hands of Abd ar-Rahman II and his successors. The rebels constructed a church within the castle which lasted until the end of their autonomy on January 19, 928.
In 888 AD, Al-Mundhir of Córdoba was murdered at Bobastro by his brother Abdullah ibn Muhammad al-Umawi, who later succeeded him.