Pajštún
castle ruin
460m
Borinka, Bratislava county

The ruins of the castle on the limestone rock of the Little Carpathians, situated above the village of Borinka near Bratislava

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Previous names
Perostyan, Paylstain, Prostyan, Porustyan, Porostyan, Pailnstain, Paistun, Paulenstein, Borostyánkő, Plauenstein, Stupawský Podzámek, Ballenstein vulgo Paulenstein
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How to get there
Road 1
40-50 min
+205m/0m
Trasa 1: The starting point can be a parking lot in front of the church, or right next to the church in the village of Borinka. Here it is possible to park the car and just opposite the red tourist road begins, at the beginning of which you can also see the directional signs on the pole. We do not recommend continuing by car, the streets are very narrow and you will have a problem parking somewhere, so from there only on foot. After a few tens of meters we turn left, there is a no entry sign and at the same time an inconspicuous arrow pointing the direction to the castle. We always follow the red markings, sometimes only in the form of an arrow until we come to a wooden information board. From there we continue along the red route, the ascent is more difficult later. In the last section we still have a direct, really steep ascent, which can be bypassed from the left by a detour, and we recommend this detour especially on rainy days or in winter, when the terrain is slippery and it is dangerous to go straight up.
Road 2
1:00 h
+243m/0m
Trasa 2: Access from Stupava, where we get to Medzipotočná Street, where we can park. From there we continue along the yellow marked sidewalk, which only at the very end feeds to the red sign leading from Borinka.
Description

The original medieval castle stood on the top plateau and only a part of the masonry above the eastern cliff has been preserved. From the time of rebuilding in the 16th century comes semicircular cannon bastion in the northern part of the fortifications. During the Palffy rebuilding, they closed the top plateau in the west with a palace, in front of which they built a bastion with a system of bastions. The remains of a vaulted underground cistern with a brick cloak have been preserved on the upper platform of the castle from this construction stage, while the southern palace above the rock wall is reminded only of fragments of masonry.The castle buildings have been preserved in fragments around the central courtyard, whose area is covered by embankment of damaged masonry. The most related is the peripheral masonry of palaces and fortifications built into the massif of the castle castle, with preserved windows, bay windows, entrances, masonry with relief arches and traces of vaults. The most impressive are the cantilevers of the former porch over the entrance with late Renaissance decoration in the form of mascarons from 1619, which by their diversity, document the builder's demands for architecture and its artistic representation.

Plan
Legend to the ground plan:1 - top platform, 2 - cannon bastion, 3 - castle gate, 4,5 - palace, 6 - fortification, 7 - bastions, 8 - pointed cannon bastion, 9 - arched gate, 10 - entrance building with consoles with mascarons, 11 - cistern, 12 - south palace
Legend to the ground plan
  • 1 - top platform
  • 2 - cannon bastion
  • 3 - castle gate
  • 4
  • 5 - palace
  • 6 - fortification
  • 7 - bastions
  • 8 - pointed cannon bastion
  • 9 - arched gate
  • 10 - entrance building with consoles with mascarons
  • 11 - cistern
  • 12 - south palace
History

The origin of the castle is still unclear, there are many inaccuracies in the literature. The confusing situation is complicated mainly by the former Stupava water castle, which is often mentioned in historical sources. During the 13th century, it was called the Stupava Castle as the seat of this estate. About a hundred years later it is referred to as "Pelistan" or "Porustan", in the 16th century it is again referred to as Stupava Castle. In professional historiography, a unified opinion does not prevail even in its localization. Some researchers identify it with today's Stupava manor house, others with Pajštún castle, and some even look for its location around the village of Borinka. In general, however, the prevailing opinion is that the former water castle stood on the site of today's manor house in Stupava and Pajštún castle is the second building identical to today's castle.

The founder of the castle is mentioned in some publications by the Czech queen Constanta (Kunhuta), daughter of Bela III., In 1230. A more probable version is that the castle was built by Rugerius of Tallesbrunn in the last third of the 13th century. He probably gave it a German name in its basic form written as Peilenstein. It is certain, however, that the castle existed before 1390, when King Sigismund donated Pajštún to Peter of the Szentgyörgy family [Peter III. Svätojurský]. After the extinction of this family in 1543, the castle was in the temporary reserve of Gašpar Seréda. In 1552, the castle was commissioned by King Ferdinand I, a supporter of the Bratislava county Eck Salm, and in 40 years the castle was exchanged with the Salmovcians by Mikuláš Pálffy. A few years after his death in 1600, his widow Mária Fugger received a royal donation to Pajštún with her sons, and in 1619 the castle belonged to Pavel during the division of property. Pavol Pálffy reached the rank of Hungarian palatine. In the 17th century, he had the castle generously rebuilt.

During its existence, the castle had many castellans. Despite the fire after a lightning strike, the castle was still habitable in the middle of the 18th century. It was not until the Napoleonic Wars that he became fatal. In June 1809, during the campaign against Vienna, French troops occupied Bratislava and the surrounding area. Although castles were no longer of strategic importance in the 19th century, the French blew up the castle before leaving.

History images
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Myths and legends

The rumor says

Always at midnight the ozlomkrk rides around the ruins of a knight on a white horse. He jumps to the highest wall and then disappears into the abyss.

Sad Gašpar

Nothing could cheer the sad - sad nobleman Gašpar Serédy. Kastelán Strajchel was already worried about his life, so he and his Pajštún mayor Noth put their heads together and chased something unseen. They sent Lucifer a letter signed with his own blood to hell to send them a gas cap that would make their master laugh at least once. The devil Rumo came to the castle, disguised as a court fool, and endured the devils until Mr. Seréda burst out laughing. When Rumo excelled, he took those who wrote the request to hell as a reward. Who knows, perhaps even after the name of the castle lord, since then the court jash has also been called gašparko.

Cruel castellan

In the village below the castle, a poor village farmer Lack Mikulík dies. The last hope was the castle doctor, but the castellan Tupík, disturbed from his sleep at night, refused to help him. The midnight trumpet could be heard, during which the Pajštún spirit came to life. A villager turned to him for help. The midnight bastion was flooded with light, it thundered, and when Mikulík returned home from the castle, his wife was healthy. Administrator Tupík wanted revenge on Lack. He sent him a letter to Count Erdődy and ordered him to answer an hour back. However, the spirit of Pajštún provided Lack with the help of a magical carriage with a devil, who helped him complete the task and took Tupík to hell as a reward.

Useful information

The ruins are freely accessible

Nearby castles