Dolná Mičiná
manor, mansion
410m
Dolná Mičiná, Banská Bystrica county

Renaissance mansion built on a gothic basis - a castle, in the village of Dolná Mičiná, in Zvolen hills near the river Lukavica, SE from Banská Bystrica

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Previous names
Alsowfalu, Also Michina, Alsó Micsinye, Alsó-Micsinye, Alschó-Micschinye, Dolní Mičina, Alsómicsinye, Dolnia Mičiná
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How to get there
Dolná Mičiná village is located about 10km SE from Banská Bystrica. The road no.591 passes through the village, from which we need to turn either along the grocery store or later on a small intersection to the road that runs alongside the Municipal Office. A few meters away there is a playground with a small parking lot. From here we continue on foot to the end of this street, turn right next to the family houses and then right again through the vegetated area to the mansion Dolná Mičiná.The mansion is on a private plot and is in bad condition, enter only at your own responsibility.
Description

It is a two-storey block building on a rectangular floor plan with four corner bastions of circular ground plan. This type of mansion with a transverse walkway wedged between round corner bastions creates an intermediate type between the old castle manor houses and later rural mansions. Open arcades are built in front of the main facade on the ground floor and first floor, between the two corner towers. The main entrance is in the central axis of the main facade, leading to it a double staircase, located behind the arcades. The arcades on the first floor create an open corridor from which the building is accessed through a widespread door in the middle axis and into the eastern bastion by a early baroque stone portal.In the middle of the layout on the northern side of the building stands a staircase tower-shaped, which protrudes above the roof ledge about half the floor. On the south side above the entrance part of the building on the first floor is a covered terrace along the entire width of the facade between the bastions. The manor is covered with a mansard roof, the bastions have conical-shaped roofs, the roofing is shingled. The top floor of the staircase tower was accessible by a Baroque wooden staircase and a wooden, popularly understood parapet that opened into the attic. The room is illuminated on two sides by two windows with segmented arches. The baroque double-winged door led into the chapel.The vault is still today, albeit with poor visibility, covered with a Baroque mural of an illusive ornamental character. In the corner above the fireplace is today hardly legible inscription, recalling the names of probably Benicky, builders in the 17th century. In the space there is a late Renaissance fireplace, on the sides with pilasters, conceived flat folk ornaments.Since the property has been privately owned, no adjustments have been made to its rescue. As a result, the manor house is now in a desolate state and every day this state is getting worse.

Plan
History

Mentions of the history of the manor are relatively poor, according to many sources, the origin of the manor dates back to the second half of the 16th century. It is thus a typical example of a late renaissance fortification. The manor house was built on older foundations, it is assumed that it was a manor house or castle. Existing sources are generally linked to the property of the Benicks in the vicinity of Mičina, direct archival reports to the manor house in Dolná Mičina were not found. It is not known what the fate of the manor was before 1667. It is assumed that under the influence of events such as the invasion of the Turks on Dolná Mičina in 1590, at least until 1657, the manor house was uninhabited and run for a long time, which gave rise to a major reconstruction and modification shortly after that, in 1667.

The renovation of the manor was financed by Tomáš Benický from Mičiná and his wife Katarína Merwaldová, who acquired this property from the Mičinský family. According to the customs of their time, they marked the reconstruction in the sign board as a new building from scratch. This late Renaissance adaptation meant the reconstruction of the older ruined fortress into a comfortable feudal seat with representative rooms. On the outside, the manor house still remained a fortress with a stone barred portal and drawbridge, key shooting ranges and small windows on the lower floors.

In the second third of the 18th century, another reconstruction took place, which was caused by a large fire. The Baroque restoration manifested itself in the interiors, especially in the details, by inserting a door with Rococo ironwork, modifying the main staircase and setting up a chapel, accessible by a folk staircase. During this modification, the gable attic, an important fortress architectural element, was bricked up and replaced by a shingled mansard roof and vicars.

The alterations in the 19th and 20th centuries did not, in principle, affect the character of the building and meant only routine maintenance or modernization of the premises by opening an Art Nouveau opening from the central room of the first floor to the arcade and inserting tiled stoves. Rather, the modifications concerned the surroundings of the manor house, where a landscape park was created with an access chestnut alley, cut down during the change of owners in 1945 and stairs that created a park composition respecting the natural terrain within the hill around the manor house. The manor house was inhabited until the crossing, but it was severely damaged by the war.

Since the end of World War II, the manor house has been used by the JRD in Dolná Mičina as a warehouse for grain and potatoes. This method of use with regard to the artistic-historical and architectural value of the building was maximally inappropriate and drastic. During the use of the building, the user did not perform any maintenance or repairs, as a result of which the manor remained in poor construction and technical condition. In 1958, the manor house passed partly into private ownership and partly into the administration of MND. However, even these did not provide the most necessary modification of the building. The only positive manifestation of his rescue was the repair of the roof carried out in 1963. The proposal for a monument modification submitted in 1969 remained without implementation.

In 1991, the manor house was transferred to new owners on the basis of inheritance. Since the building passed into this ownership, no modifications were made to it to save it. As a result, the manor is in a desolate state today, and this condition is deteriorating even more every day.

History images
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Myths and legends

There are no myths available.

Useful information

The mansion is in private hands on private land, but it is possible to get there at your own risk

Nearby castles
Dúbravica3.7 km,
Hronsek5.6 km,
Zolná7.9 km,
Ľubietová13.0 km,
Zvolen castle13.1 km,
Vígľaš14.1 km,
Pustý hrad15.4 km,