The history of the Rogalin Palace harks back to the second half of the 18th century, when Kazimierz Raczynski, later Royal Marshal at the court of Stanislaw August Poniatowski, became the owner of the estate.

A late baroque palace complex was erected for him in the period 1768-1774; it was designed by an unknown architect, most probably from the Warsaw-Saxon circle.

In the 1780s the interior of the palace was modernised in a classicist style; the most outstanding royal architects of the time, Domenico Merlini and Jan Christian Kamsetzer, were the authors of the design. Rogalin's owner in the period 1810-1845, Edward Count Raczynski, converted the ball hall into an armoury with neo-gothic furnishings and placed there a collection of objects of national and historical value. In addition, the palace chapel in the southern wing was converted to a library and an archive.

In 1820, at the eastern end of the foundation axis he erected a chapel - a replica of the Roman temple Maison Carree in Nimes near Marseilles - which served the function of the family mausoleum; the entire complex was extended by a landscape park.

In the 1890s Edward Aleksander Raczynski, the fifth heir of Rogalin, along with his wife Roza nee Countess Potocka, created a neo-baroque library in the palace and had the entire palace overhauled. The renovation work was designed and led by the Cracow-based architect Zygmunt Hendel.

In 1910 Edward Aleksander Raczynski had a building of a gallery of painting erected next to the palace and placed there the collection of Polish and European painting of the period he had been gathering since the 1880s. At that time this was one of the few buildings erected in Poland with the intention of being open to the general public.

During World War II, when the palace was the seat of the Hitlerjugend Gebietsfuhrerschule, and immediately after the war the furnishings of the palace were almost completely dispersed.