The fortified fortress complex, whose construction began in 1331, was originally intended to host the command of John of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia
The fortified fortress complex, whose construction began in 1331, was originally intended to host the command of John of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia. The historical period in which the Rocca was built was particularly troubled and convulsed due to the struggles between the factions of the Guelphs and the Ghibellines, and in this context Bergamo, like other cities, was given on February 5, 1331 , to John of Luxembourg in the hope that a strong external power could lead to general pacification. The King Boemo's attempt was fragile in the face of the power of the Visconti, under whose Lady Bergamo fell in 1332. In 1336 Azzone Visconti completed the Rocca, whose defensive function was then exalted by the construction of the Citadel, which was inserted in a defensive system aimed not only towards the outside, but also inward against any rebellion. In October 1427, the dominance of the Viscontium succeeded in the dominance of the Serenissima, after the victory of the Battle of Maclodio of the following October 11 and with the peace of Ferrara of April 19, 1428, the formal recognition of its domain over Bergamo and its territory. Venice enhanced with new additions to the Fortified Complex of the Rocca by building the circular tower which still characterizes it and, in its interior, the building destined for the grenadiers' accommodation. The Venetian defensive reinforcement of the Rocca became part of a broader project, with the construction of the low wall of a defensive perimeter, the Muraine, the most visible of which is the Tower of Galgario and later, from 1561 to 1588, of a powerful bastion belt around the hills of Città Alta, which transformed Bergamo into a fortress. At the end of the eighteenth century, under the thrust of the wind of the French Revolution, Bergamo rose to Venice, and before the Venetian cities, on March 13, 1797, it became an autonomous republic. The Rocca retained its military function both after the entry into Bergamo of the troops of Napoleon at the end of December 1796, which defeated, beyond the European one, the Venetian geopolitical system, and subsequently, since 1814, with the Austrians who will hold it until liberation of Bergamo by Garibaldi on June 8, 1859. The museum was not thought of as a showcase of mute historical self-referential finds, but as a representation of the popular Bergamasco intervention in the construction of Risorgimento Italy: it is a testimony to the historical path of a community in the period between 1797 and 1870, with particular regard to the human element that was its creator and protagonist, especially with the voluntary participation in the garibaldi adventure perceived as the cornerstone of national unity. The museum celebrates the Garibaldi myth, whose symbol is the red shirt. Memory as knowledge is pursued by the museum through educational services that have set up courses for schools of every order and degree. The protagonists are present through paintings, sculptures, objects, interesting also in the artistic as well as documentary aspects: in some works some known names are known, almost in a virtual way. Noteworthy are the marble busts of Gabriele Camozzi, his wife Alba Coralli, Francesco Nullo, the bronze ones by Daniele Piccinini and Vittore Tasca, all the patriots bergamaschi and protagonists of the foreground of the Risorgimento. Many members of the families involved in the silicon sector participated in the Risorgimento movement for ideals but also for the expectation of a national market. The didactic path of the museum is completed through maps, vintage posters and original documents, and for the economic part through the description of the silk production and the reconstruction of its own filanda, a particularly important industrial activity in Bergamo of the epoch. tub and a base made up of three crouching lions.
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- Il giardino
- Splendida vista sulla città
- Aree ricreative
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