The Castle, which rises to a height of about 340 meters, on St. Nicholas Hill order, was built probably in the Manso I of Amalfi after the conquest of the village Castrum Licterensis by Amalfi: the main function of the structure was to border and prevent attacks from the Gulf of Naples to the Amalfi dukedom; The castle also protected within its walls a church, some houses and several shops. With the arrival of the Normans, the fortress was expanded: in fact, were built new walls, a new port, a drawbridge and protected by a trench with archers and a short distance from the castle was built a cathedral, in Romanesque style with tuff decorations yellow and green. During the Swabian period, the fief of Letters, passed in 1263 to Riccardo Filangieri: He was responsible for the construction of the keep and a tower. With the arrival of Anjou, the castle was the protagonist in the Vespers War and was greatly expanded and structured in order to accommodate the new defensive systems: it was enlarged the walls, built a new tower on the south side, flanked by two small towers , armed with firearms and were built the hanging corridors in such a way as to connect the various walkways. During the rule of the Aragonese, lost its defensive function, was converted into a private residence and the mighty walls numerous windows were opened. Lost after whatever military function that housing, the resulting state of abandonment reduced him to a ruin: only in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century were carried out major renovation, thanks to which it was possible to recover perimeter walls and towers, bringing at least part of its former splendor.
https://www.itinari.com

Castello di Lettere

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The Castle by the Sea, from which Castellammare derives its name, rises to 100 meters altitude above sea level while behind these are the imposing domes of rock (the foothills of Mount Faito) that rise vertically up to 650 m. The Castle was built to guard the narrow stretch of coast, between the inaccessible mountain and the sea,  from which the army intended to penetrate and would have been able to pass the Sorrentine Peninsula.

The name of “Castello a Mare” appears in a document for the first time in 1086 which is written proof that the Castle had already existed for some time. The Castle was built following the Byzantine style by the Duke of Sorrento, as a border fortress of his dominion. Over the centuries (from the 11th to the 15th century) it underwent various transformations, according to the evolution of different techniques of art and war. The modern aspect stems from the last transformation of 1470, aimed at strengthening the fortress against an artillery attack.

At the beginning of the 1500’s, the Castle rampart “rivellino” was added for its proximity to an external ditch full of water. The "Castrum de Stabiis ad Mare" was the foothold of a complex defensive system including amongst others, the castles of Gragnano, Lettere, and Pimonte and it had numerous defense posts deployed on the surrounding land, the most notable was erected on the shore which was connected to a walkway following the walls of the Castle that descended down to the watchtower. Similar to the New Castle (Castel Nuovo) of Naples, the Castello a Mare of Stabia is to be considered a Medieval construction, even though it was equipped for defense in the Aragonese time period: the buttresses for reinforcement of the pre-existent towers can be attributed to the XV and even to the XVI century .

In the XV century, the fortress of Castellamare was quite important for the wide range strategy and in support of the deployment of vessels and fleets at sea; in fact, it was added to the Neapolitan Chronicles from the 1400’s edited by Filangieri of Candida. The three coats of arms that Castellamare has had in the course of history, all bear the picture of the Castle. Also to be noted is the fact that the second of four cathedrals of Castellamare was situated in the domain of the fortress, where the bishops that succeeded one another, lived from the time period of 840 to 1362. At the time of the conspiracy of the Barons, the castle was handed over (October 1459), without any resistance from the Lord of the Manor, the Catalan Gaillard, to the troops of John of Anjou, son of Rene. In 1461 Gaillard himself valiantly and victoriously defended the Castle for Anjou, against Antonio Piccolomini, Duke of Amalfi, who won against the armed Angevins at the mouth of the Sarno and had occupied the city on 23rd October.
Castellammare was a fief of the Farnese family, brought in dowry by Margaret of Habsburg, the illegitimate daughter of Charles V, in 1538 to the thirteen year old Ottavio Farnese. The prison, extracted from the base of the tower, was one of the most persuasive tools of the administration of the various governors, and its name "La Papiria" emerges from the archival documents. In the seventeenth century, Castellamare was an actual city and the Castle, outdated instrument of war, was no longer used as a fortress to protect its people from danger. It was partly due to the change of political strategies in the Viceroyalty of the Crown of Spain, which aimed at political neutralization of the feudal lords, that the Castle was abandoned.

https://www.castellomedioevale.com

Castello Medioevale

Il castello medievale di Nocera Inferiore, anche definito castello del Parco, è una struttura del X secolo che sorge a Nocera Inferiore, sulla sommità della collina del Parco o collina di Sant'Andrea.

L'area, nel XIX secolo è passata in mano privata. Vi è stato realizzato l'attuale palazzo Fienga. Oggi è tornata in mano pubblica, facendo parte dei beni del comune.
La struttura originale è conosciuta sin dal 984 in un documento del Codice Diplomatico Cavese, indicato come firmitate noba nocerina de ipso Monticellum, ma il maniero risale probabilmente a epoca più antica. I ruderi del castello costituiscono una struttura trapezoidale monca di un lato, che si sviluppano intorno ad un ampio cortile (chiamato fantasiosamente: sala della Cavallerizza).

Molto suggestiva l'area detta voliera, ad ovest del castello, nella quale sono ancora in piedi tre archi gotici. Sono ancora in luce le ampie cisterne e tratti di due delle tre cinte murarie originali.

Alle spalle della torre mastio vi è una piccola area absidata, pertinente alle chiese di Santa Maria alla Torre e San Martino in unum constructe secondo le fonti. In epoca successiva la chiesa della fortezza fu dedicata a san Leone.

L'epoca angioina
Sorge sulla collina del Parco, che ospitò i nocerini che nell'alto medioevo lasciarono Nuceria per costruire la nuova città in ambiente più protetto.

Caposaldo del sistema difensivo dei Longobardi di Salerno nei confronti dei Bizantini di Napoli, il borgo che si venne a creare era difeso da un sistema a tripla cinta muraria: la prima intorno al castello; la seconda al centro della collina; la terza a difesa dell'insediamento alle sue falde.

Nella sua prima fase di vita il castello era costituito da una struttura molto semplice: una torre con un piccolo recinto. Nel 1138 fu distrutto dalle truppe di Ruggero II assieme al villaggio del borgo.

In epoca federiciana appartenne alla famiglia dei Filangieri. In quest'epoca, su di un banco di roccia calcarea, fu realizzato l'arce con una torre pentagonale circondata da un recinto quadrangolare. Ai lati di questo recinto erano presenti altre quattro torri (delle quali oggi resta solo una base).

In questi anni le stanze del castello servirono anche come prigione: vi si tenne prigioniera fino alla morte Elena degli Angeli, vedova di re Manfredi di Svevia.

In epoca angioina si ebbe il primo grande ampliamento del castello. Carlo I d'Angiò, che trascorreva spesso il suo tempo a Nocera, diede il via ai lavori di ampliamento della vecchia fortezza, facendo realizzare alcuni ambienti di carattere residenziale che diedero alla struttura la forma di un vero e proprio palazzo.

Dal 1303 si provvide anche alla risistemazione del sistema difensivo caratterizzato da una triplice cinta di mura che dalla sommità della collina scendeva fino alle falde della collina, cingendo il borgo fortificato fino al torrente detto Saltera.

In questi anni vi crebbe e poi lo possedette Carlo Martello, amico di Dante, e probabilmente vi nacque (e sicuramente vi crebbe) san Ludovico d'Angiò.

Nel '300 Giovanna I lo cedette con la Città al fiorentino Niccolò Acciaiuoli, che vi ospitò nel 1362 Giovanni Boccaccio (come ci dice lui stesso nella Epistola II).

Nel dicembre del 1381 vi fu portata prigioniera la regina Giovanna I, e vi rimase fino al 28 marzo del 1382. Qui Boccaccio erroneamente crede che la regina morì. Nella realtà la regina fu trasferita nel castello di Muro Lucano, dove perse la vita il 12 maggio di quello stesso anno.

Nel 1385 papa Urbano VI, durante la guerra per la successione a Giovanna I, vi fu assediato per alcuni mesi dalle truppe di Carlo III di Durazzo. Dal castello il papa dovette reprimere una congiura ordita contro di lui da alcuni cardinali.


Castello del Parco

Castle Giusso house on the sea is situated in Vico Equense and offers a restaurant, a seasonal outdoor swimming pool and a bar. The air-conditioned accommodation is 48 km from Salerno, and guests benefit from private parking available on site and free WiFi.

This apartment has 2 bedrooms, a kitchen with microwave, a flat-screen TV, a seating area and 2 bathrooms with a bidet.

Speaking English and Italian at the reception, staff are always at hand to help.

The apartment offers a children's playground. Guests can also relax in the garden or in the shared lounge area.

Naples is 42 km from Castle Giusso house on the sea, while Sorrento is 10 km from the property. The nearest airport is Naples International, 44 km from the accommodation, and the property offers a paid airport shuttle service.

This is our guests' favourite part of Vico Equense, according to independent reviews.

https://www.booking.com

Castle Giusso

Castel San Giorgio (Campanian: Sangiorge) is a town and comune in the province of Salerno in the Campania region of south-western Italy. In 2011, it had a population of 13,411.
History
The town, founded in 1810 and located near the site of the ancient Nuceria Alfaterna, was originally named San Giorgio, until 1861.

Geography
The municipality borders with Mercato San Severino, Nocera Inferiore, Roccapiemonte, Sarno and Siano.

It counts eleven hamlets (frazioni): Aiello, Campomanfoli, Castelluccio, Cortedomini, Fimiani, Lanzara (the most populated one), Santa Croce, Santa Maria a Favore, Taverna-Casalnuovo, Torello and Trivio Codola (also named Codola).

Castel San Giorgio

La Bastiglia è una torre d'avvistamento costruita in epoca medievale nei pressi del castello di Arechi a Salerno.

La Bastiglia fu edificata verso il 1075 dal principe longobardo Gisulfo II il quale, per prepararsi all'assedio di Roberto il Guiscardo, edificò diverse torri sulle colline circostanti tra cui proprio "La Bastea". Fu edificata su una collina più elevata del castello, in modo da respingere gli assalitori provenienti da nord e ottenere una visuale più ampia su tutto il golfo di Salerno. La struttura è un edificio isolato, posto alle spalle del Castello di Arechi, caratterizzato da pianta circolare con un unico ambiente interno posto a 5 metri dal suolo, per il cui accesso erano usate scale rimovibili. Nella seconda metà del XIX secolo iniziò un periodo di abbandono per questa struttura, terminato nel 2001 quando fu restaurata e aperta al pubblico dalla Provincia di Salerno.

Curiosità
Il nome nasce da un equivoco, iniziatosi apparentemente nel XIX secolo, secondo il quale si credeva che l'edificio fosse sede di prigioni, che erano invece poste all'interno del Castello di Arechi.

Bastiglia Salerno 

Hop on bus 19 from Piazza XXIV Maggio to visit Salerno’s most famous landmark, the forbidding Castello di Arechi, dramatically positioned 263m above the city. Originally a Byzantine fort, it was built by the Lombard duke of Benevento, Arechi II, in the 8th century and subsequently modified by the Normans and Aragonese, most recently in the 16th century.
The views of the Gulf of Salerno and the city rooftops are spectacular; you can also visit a permanent collection of ceramics, arms and coins. If you are here during summer, ask the tourist office for a schedule of the annual series of concerts and other special events staged here.

https://www.lonelyplanet.com

Castello di Arechi

The Forte la Carnale, is located near the mouth of the river Irno, is part of a defense system consisting of towers, built in 1563 to defend the city from invasion of the Saracens.

Probably takes its name from a massacre of Saracens occurred around the year 872. For its strategic location, it is thought that the Carnale would host men on horseback with the task to warn people if there were attacks from the sea. By the middle of 1600 Ippolito from Pastena used it as a base of the strong command to a rebellion against the Spaniards.

He established near the Forte la Carnale also a garrison of 100 men to face the landing of French troops subtracting Salerno capitulation. Even during the last war the fort was the scene of historic events with signs still evident.

Currently it has been completely restored and offers two levels provided with halls for cultural exhibitions, a belvedere and dining places. Its terrace overlooking a vast landscape, ranges from the Gulf of Salerno at the Amalfi Coast and Cilento.
https://www.livesalerno.com