The Castle Tannenberg , often Tannenburg called, is a spur castle on a spur of the Heart Mountain , above Nentershausen in Richelsdorfer Mountains , in northeastern Hesse
The Castle Tannenberg , often Tannenburg called, is a spur castle on a spur of the Heart Mountain , above Nentershausen in Richelsdorfer Mountains , in northeastern Hesse . The castle lies at 351 m above sea level. NN only about one kilometer east of Nentershausen.
History
Alt-Tannenburg on the "old hilltop", was probably built by the Hersfeld abbot after the abbey had received the wild ban for the realm forest "Eherinevirst" ( Knüllgebirge and Seulingswald ) in 1003 by King Heinrich II . The purpose of the castle at that time was to control the northern part of the imperial forest. Consequently, who was a vassal on behalf of the lords for the safety and conduct on the plane passing through the nearby Seulingswald old route through the Short Hessen responsible .
The 14th century
After the Thuringian-Hessian War of Succession , the castle was in a fiercely contested border region. It can be assumed that the abbot therefore decided around 1300 to rebuild the castle on the mountain spur a little further to the east . The reasons were probably an easier to defend location and the larger space available.
Ludwig I von Baumbach († 1357), who had been a knight since 1329, had received this castle from the Hersfeld abbot as a fief . From when he held the fief is not known. However, it can be assumed that he had owned the fief at the latest when his sons sold their fief shares in Rotenburg Castle on September 1, 1338 to the Breitenau monastery . In return, they acquired free goods in Nentershausen. This was the origin of the von Baumbach estate in the valley. The von Baumbach family held high and low jurisdiction in “Nentershusen” and the surrounding villages . It was not until 1578 that they had high jurisdiction to thecede the Hessian landgrave , the lower jurisdiction was abolished in 1806 (the judicial linden tree is still in Nentershausen).
In 1347 Ludwig I came into conflict with Landgrave Heinrich II of Hesse because of some possessions in the Seulingswald . Both signed a settlement in 1348 in which the castle was mentioned for the first time as "das hus tzu deme Thannberg".
In front of the castle at that time there was an older chapel, which belonged to the parish church of Renda (probably also the first parish church for Nentershausen). On August 5, 1349, a document permitted "the separation of the altar on the Tannenberg" (the altar was brought into the existing baptistery in the valley). The abbot of Hersfeld, Johann II. Von Elben , formally confirmed this in 1356. The chapel was rebuilt in 1539 according to the Nentershausen chronicler Pastor Kollmann.
In 1360 Abbot Johann II enfeoffed the Hessian landgrave with the castle, who passed it on to the Baumbachs as an after-fief . On January 29, 1365, Landgrave Heinrich II and his son Otto enfeoffed the Baumbachs again. The contract stipulated that the castle was open to the landgrave against all enemies and should never be withdrawn. The Landgrave needed the castle to defend his territory against the Landgraves of Thuringia .
In 1371 the city of Erfurt signed a protection treaty with the Baumbachs in order to be able to protect their traders on the nearby Altstrasse Durch die Kurzen Hessen , which led through the Seulingswald . One path deviated from the road to the castle. There the merchants had shelter and shelter and waited for trade trains to form in the desired direction. The Baumbachs received an annual pay and building money to keep the castle.
In 1372 the Baumbachs were in league with the Hessian Landgrave against the Star League , but as early as 1374 the Landgrave declared the feud against the Baumbachs . This conflict broke out when the Fulda abbot Konrad IV von Hanau withdrew the fiefs from the lords of Baumbach over the villages of Uffhausen (now part of Grossenlüder ) and Weißenborn (now part of Ottrau ). After the Baumbacher had attacked the Fulda property with the help of Erfurt mercenaries, the Fulda citizens complained to the landgrave. This stood on the side of the Fulda monastery. Hessian and Fulda troops then besieged the castle. The camps of the besiegers can still be seen from the names of the parcels. The parcel on which the Hessians set up their jumps is called Hesslers or Hessenschanze. It is located on the slope south opposite the castle. The Fulda residents' camp site is called Buchenstein (derived from Altgau Buchonia ) and is located on the slope to the north opposite the castle. The castle was not conquered and there was no major damage to the castle, but many Baumbach villages in the vicinity were destroyed and remained desolate . The dispute ended when the Baumbachs made atonement in 1375.
The Baumbachs later joined the Sternern in the Star Wars in 1385 . Landgrave Hermann II reacted by withdrawing the court of Ulfen (now part of Sontra ) from them in 1386 . The conflict continued to smolder until the Landgrave, in league with Fulda and some wealthy knight families from the region, again took action against the Tannenburg in 1392. The landgrave promised his allies the castle for 1,800 guilders and for three years. The castle could be held against the attackers again. The castle also survived other feuds in the 15th and 16th centuries and the Thirty Years' War unscathed. The castle benefited from the fact that it was not directly on the above-mentioned trade route.
Modern times and the present
By dividing the inheritance and selling it to the landgrave in 1698 and 1738, the Tannenburg line of the Baumbachs only had a share of 3/16 in the castle. The Baumbachs moved into their manor house on their estate in the valley as early as 1698 . For the next 200 years, miners from the copper and cobalt works and farm workers from the landgrave's domain were housed in the residential tower. Over the next few centuries, the castle buildings that were no longer in use fell into disrepair.
A family association founded in 1903, which united all lines of the von Baumbach family, bought their ancestral castle back from the state in order to save it from final ruin. During this time, the first restoration work was carried out on the castle. In the Third Reich the Burgwartshaus was the hostel of the Association of German Girls , and after the war a youth hostel was housed there.
In the 1980s, the von Baumbach family tried to convert the castle into a hotel. Much of the medieval interior was destroyed, including the stairwell in the residential tower. This company was canceled due to insufficient funds. During this time the local history and mining museum was housed in the former stables (today in the former district court in Nentershausen).
Today the castle is owned by the "Association of Friends of the Tannenberg" in Nentershausen. Extensive restoration work has been carried out again since 1995. Since 2002 there has been a medieval themed restaurant in the residential tower and in the former Burgwartshaus. The apartment of the castle administrator (Vogt) and the office of the operating company are housed in the former stables.
The castle is the starting / destination point on the Werra-Burgen-Steig Hessen long-distance hiking trail (X5H).
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Gratis
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- Schlossgarten
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